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至高的快樂(lè)是內(nèi)心祥和而超越樂(lè)與不樂(lè)的判斷。莊子認(rèn)為，快樂(lè)應(yīng)該依從于自己的本心，如果以世俗觀念為判斷依據(jù)，可能會(huì)背離生命的本質(zhì)；如果為情感和欲望所驅(qū)使，可能會(huì)伴隨失落與傷害?？鞓?lè)與否的判斷實(shí)際上源于對(duì)利害得失的判斷，而利害得失是相對(duì)的、可變的，因此，忘卻得失利害、沒(méi)有了快樂(lè)意念才是“至樂(lè)”的境界。“至樂(lè)無(wú)樂(lè)”說(shuō)體現(xiàn)出中國(guó)古代文人學(xué)士通達(dá)的心性、自由多元的人生價(jià)值觀，激發(fā)了他們反思、批判與超越的精神。
Utmost happiness is an inner peace that transcends any judgment as to whether we are happy or not. Zhuangzi held that happiness should be dictated solely by the heart. If we measure happiness against a worldly criterion, we may lose sight of life's essential purpose. If we are driven by emotions and base desires, harm and loss may be the result. Our happiness in fact depends on our judgment of loss or gain. However, loss or gain is relative and subject to change. Only when we totally forget this question can we attain utmost happiness. This term reflects the spiritual magnanimity and the open, pluralistic worldview of ancient Chinese scholars, while urging them to greater effort at self-reflection, criticism, and transcendence.
引例 Citations：
◎果有樂(lè)無(wú)有哉？吾以無(wú)為誠(chéng)樂(lè)矣，又俗之所大苦也。故曰：“至樂(lè)無(wú)樂(lè)，至譽(yù)無(wú)譽(yù)?！保ā肚f子·至樂(lè)》）
世間果真是存在快樂(lè)呢，還是不存在呢？我認(rèn)為沒(méi)有快樂(lè)與不快樂(lè)的意識(shí)才是真正的快樂(lè)，而這又是世人為之大感苦惱的事情。所以說(shuō)：“至高的快樂(lè)是無(wú)需感到快樂(lè)，最高的榮譽(yù)是無(wú)需眾人贊譽(yù)?！?/p>
Is there happiness or not in this world of ours? My belief is that utmost happiness lies in not even being aware of it. However, this very thought is exactly what agonizes us all. Hence the maxim: "Utmost happiness is when we do not strive for it, and highest praise consists in having no need for praise." (Zhuangzi)
◎孔子曰：“請(qǐng)問(wèn)游是？”老聃曰：“夫得是，至美至樂(lè)也，得至美而游乎至樂(lè)，謂之至人?！保ā肚f子·田子方》）
孔子說(shuō)：“請(qǐng)問(wèn)游心于萬(wàn)物的本原狀態(tài)是怎樣的情景？”老聃說(shuō)：“達(dá)到這樣的境界，就領(lǐng)略到極致的美，暢游于極致的快樂(lè)中，達(dá)到這種人生境界的人就稱為‘至人’?！?/p>
When Confucius asked: "When the heart roams free between heaven and earth, what will the scene look like?" Laozi answered: "Once a person has reached that realm, he will be able to savor beauty at its best and bask in extreme happiness. Such a person is known as a 'man of the highest order.'" (Zhuangzi)
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供稿：北京外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué) 外語(yǔ)教學(xué)與研究出版社
責(zé)任編輯：錢耐安
